1 – MIL-STD-1553B Bus Overview
The MIL-STD-1553B bus is a differential serial bus used in military and space equipment. It comprises
multiple redundant bus connections and communicates at 1 MB/s.
The bus has a single active BC and up to 31 RTs. The BC manages all data transfers on the bus using
the command and status protocol. The bus controller initiates every transfer by sending a command word
and data if required. The selected RT will respond with a status word and data if required.
The 1553B command word contains a 5-bit RT address, transmit or receive bit, 5-bit subaddress, and 5-
bit word count. This allows for 32 RTs on the bus. However, since RT address 31 is used to indicate a
broadcast transfer, only 31 RTs can be connected. Each RT has 30 subaddresses reserved for data
transfers. The other two subaddresses (0 and 31) are reserved for mode codes used for bus control
functions. Data transfers contain up to thirty-two 16-bit data words. Mode code command words are used
for bus control functions such as synchronization.
Message Types
The 1553B bus supports 10 message transfer types, allowing basic point-to-point and broadcast BC-to-
RT data transfers, mode code messages, and direct RT-to-RT messages. Figure 1-1 shows the message
formats.
BC-to-RT Transfer
BC
RT
BC
Receive
Command
Data
0
Data
...
Data
n
Response
Time
Status
Word
Message
Gap
Next
Command
RT-to-BC Transfer
BC
RT
BC
Transmit
Command
Response
Time
Status
Word
Data
0
Data
...
Data
n
Message
Gap
Next
Command
RT-to-RT Transfer
BC
RT1
RT2
BC
Receive
Transmit
Response
Status
Data
Data
Data
Response
Status
Message
Next
Command Command
Time
Word
0
...
n
Time
Word
Gap
Command
BC-to-all-RTs Broadcast
BC
BC
Receive
Command
Data
0
Data
...
Data
n
Message
Gap
Next
Command
RT-to-all-RTs Broadcast
BC
RT
BC
Receive
Transmit
Response
Status
Data
Data
Data
Message
Next
Command Command
Time
Word
0
...
n
Gap
Command
Mode Command, No Data
BC
RT
BC
Mode
Command
Response
Time
Status
Word
Message
Gap
Next
Command
Mode Command, RT Transmit Data
BC
RT
BC
Mode
Command
Response
Time
Status
Word
Mode
Data
Message
Gap
Next
Command
Mode Command, RT Receive Data
BC
RT
BC
Mode
Command
Mode
Data
Response
Time
Status
Word
Message
Gap
Next
Command
Broadcast Mode Command, No Data
BC
BC
Mode
Command
Message
Gap
Next
Command
Broadcast Mode Command with Data
BC
BC
Mode
Command
Mode
Data
Message
Gap
Next
Command
Figure 1-1 ? 1553B Message Formats
Revision 3
9
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